I was in Barcelona the day after the referendum and during the General Strike.
What is happening is basically Brexit-plus. Catalonia is essentially a very rich region being tired of paying for the poorer regions of Spain. The results of the referendum are iffy, but that's what happens when half the region is trying to stop the referendum and the other half is physically trying to stop it happen. The problem is that it's almost purely nationalistic rather than ideological - both the left and the right want independence (creating the weird situation of communist flag wavers next to football hooligans and actually not punching each other for once), but this means a lot of the arguments for independence are based in "we're Catalan and we want a Catalan country" rather than actually improving Catalonia.
Independence is going to be stained by a series of extremely dodgy referendums (92% in favour at 40% is absolutely not any kind of mandate). Unionism is stained by Madrid being authoritarian. Everything is clucked.